Object-Oriented Programming

• ClassA blueprint for creating objects.
• AbstractionExposing what something does while hiding how it does it.
• Access Modifierspublic, private and protected: who may see a member.
• ConstructorThe method that initializes a new object.
• Field / PropertyA piece of data stored on an object.
• InheritanceA class reusing and extending another class.
• MethodA function that belongs to an object or class.
• ObjectAn instance of a class holding its own state.
• EncapsulationHiding internal state behind a public interface.
• Getters and SettersMethods controlling access to a field.
• Method OverridingA subclass replacing a parent class's method.
• Object-Oriented ProgrammingOrganizing code around objects that bundle data and behavior.
• Static MemberA field or method that belongs to the class rather than an instance.
• this / selfThe reference to the current object inside a method.
• PolymorphismOne interface with many implementations chosen at runtime.
• Method OverloadingSeveral methods with the same name but different parameters.

Core: start here

• Composition over InheritanceBuilding behavior by combining objects instead of deep class hierarchies.

• ClassA blueprint for creating objects.
• AbstractionExposing what something does while hiding how it does it.
• Access Modifierspublic, private and protected: who may see a member.
• ConstructorThe method that initializes a new object.
• Field / PropertyA piece of data stored on an object.
• InheritanceA class reusing and extending another class.
• MethodA function that belongs to an object or class.
• ObjectAn instance of a class holding its own state.
• EncapsulationHiding internal state behind a public interface.
• Getters and SettersMethods controlling access to a field.
• Method OverridingA subclass replacing a parent class's method.
• Object-Oriented ProgrammingOrganizing code around objects that bundle data and behavior.
• Static MemberA field or method that belongs to the class rather than an instance.
• this / selfThe reference to the current object inside a method.
• PolymorphismOne interface with many implementations chosen at runtime.
• Method OverloadingSeveral methods with the same name but different parameters.

• Special MethodsMethods the language calls implicitly, like __eq__ or toString.
• Abstract ClassA class that can't be instantiated and leaves some methods to subclasses.
• Mixin / TraitReusable behavior added to classes without inheritance.
• InterfaceA contract of methods a type promises to implement.
• Composition over InheritanceBuilding behavior by combining objects instead of deep class hierarchies.

• ClassA blueprint for creating objects.
• AbstractionExposing what something does while hiding how it does it.
• Access Modifierspublic, private and protected: who may see a member.
• ConstructorThe method that initializes a new object.
• Field / PropertyA piece of data stored on an object.
• InheritanceA class reusing and extending another class.
• MethodA function that belongs to an object or class.
• ObjectAn instance of a class holding its own state.
• EncapsulationHiding internal state behind a public interface.
• Getters and SettersMethods controlling access to a field.
• Method OverridingA subclass replacing a parent class's method.
• Object-Oriented ProgrammingOrganizing code around objects that bundle data and behavior.
• Static MemberA field or method that belongs to the class rather than an instance.
• this / selfThe reference to the current object inside a method.
• PolymorphismOne interface with many implementations chosen at runtime.

• Method OverloadingSeveral methods with the same name but different parameters.
• Abstract ClassA class that can't be instantiated and leaves some methods to subclasses.
• Mixin / TraitReusable behavior added to classes without inheritance.
• Prototypal InheritanceJavaScript's model where objects inherit directly from other objects.
• InterfaceA contract of methods a type promises to implement.
• Composition over InheritanceBuilding behavior by combining objects instead of deep class hierarchies.